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# International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT): The Journal aims to publish scientific articles in Engineering and Technology.

## Sitemaps
[XML Sitemap](https://www.ijaent.org/sitemap_index.xml): Includes all crawlable and indexable pages.

## Posts
- [Hello world!](https://www.ijaent.org/hello-world/): Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start writing!
- [This is a post  with post format of type Link](https://www.ijaent.org/kriesi-at/): http://www.kriesi.at
- [This is a standard post format with preview Picture](https://www.ijaent.org/this-is-a-nice-post/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
- [Post Formats is a theme feature introduced with Version 3.1. Post Formats can be used by a theme to customize its presentation of a post.](https://www.ijaent.org/nullam-dictum-felis-eu-pede-mollis-pretium-integer-tincidunt-cras-dapibus-vivamus-elementum-semper-nisi-aenean-vulputate-eleifend-tellus/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus - more on Wordpress.org: Post Formats
- [Postformat Gallery: Multiple images with different sizes](https://www.ijaent.org/aenean-vulputate-eleifend-tellus-aenean-leo-ligula/): Nullam dictum felis eu pede mollis pretium. Integer tincidunt. Cras dapibus. Vivamus elementum semper nisi. Aenean vulputate eleifend tellus. Aenean leo ligula, porttitor eu, consequat vitae, eleifend ac, enim. Aliquam lor
- [Indented Quotes and Images –  beautiful](https://www.ijaent.org/lorem-ipsum-dolor-sit-amet-consectetuer-adipiscing-elit-aenean-commodo-ligula-eget-dolor-aenean-massa/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
- [Another title for our pretty cool blog](https://www.ijaent.org/another-title-for-our-pretty-cool-blog/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
- [This is a test](https://www.ijaent.org/this-is-a-test/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.
- [Custom Lightbox!](https://www.ijaent.org/custom-lightbox-click-the-image/): Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
- [A Post without Image](https://www.ijaent.org/advanced-jquery-functions/): Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
- [HTML Styles](https://www.ijaent.org/html-styles/): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.rum.

## Pages
- [Published in Year 2026](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2026/): VOLUME-13 ISSUE-10, OCTOBER 2026: Last Date of Article Submission - 30 September 2026 (Open) | Date of Publication - 30 October 2026
VOLUME-13 ISSUE-9, SEPTEMBER 2026: Last date of Article Submission has been closed - The articles are under process and can be viewed and downloaded after 30 September 2026.
VOLUME-13 ISSUE-7, JULY 2026
- [Generative AI Tools or Chatbots](https://www.ijaent.org/generative-ai-tools/): Generative AI Tools or Chatbots:
- [Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity, and Accessibility (DEIA)](https://www.ijaent.org/diversity-equity-inclusivity-and-accessibility-deia/): Diversity, Equity, Inclusivity, and Accessibility (DEIA):
- [Complaints and Appeals](https://www.ijaent.org/complaints-and-appeals/): Complaints and Appeals:
- [Published in Year 2025](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2025/): VOLUME-12 ISSUE-1, JANUARY 2025
- [Published in Year 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2024/): VOLUME-11 ISSUE-12, DECEMBER 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-6, JUNE 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-5, MAY 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-4, APRIL 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-3, MARCH 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-2, FEBRUARY 2024
VOLUME-11 ISSUE-1, JANUARY 2024
- [Advertising](https://www.ijaent.org/advertising/): Advertising:
- [Responsibilities and Selection Process of the Editorial Board](https://www.ijaent.org/responsibilities-and-selection-process-of-the-editorial-board/): The Editorial Board comprises various distinguished positions, including Associate Editor, General Editor, and Editor-in-Chief. These positions are responsible for ensuring the publication's quality and integrity.
- [Journal Metrics](https://www.ijaent.org/journal-metrics/): Journal Metrics:
- [Archiving Policy](https://www.ijaent.org/archiving-policy/): Archiving:
- [Imprint](https://www.ijaent.org/imprint/): Full Journal Title: International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online) Publisher: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) Publisher Location: India. Postal Address: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP), # G: 18, Block-A, Tirupati Abhinav Commercial Campus, Tirupati Abhinav Homes, Ayodhya Bypass Road, Damkheda, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh)-462037, India. Editors: Editorial Board Publication Frequency: Monthly Publication Medium: Online (Electronic Only) Publication Website: www.ijaent.org First Year Published: 2013 Indexing Databases: Indexing & Abstracting
Journal DOI: https://doi.org/10.35940/ijaent
Publication Language: English
Primary Field: Engineering and Technology
Archive: https://www.ijaent.org/archive/
CrossRef: Yes
Guidelines for Authors: https://www.ijaent.org/instructions-for-authors/
Editorial and Publishing Policies: https://www.ijaent.org/ethics-policies/
Publisher License under: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0
- [Citations](https://www.ijaent.org/citation/): Citations:
- [Declaration Statement](https://www.ijaent.org/declaration-statement/): Declaration Statement:
- [Acknowledgements](https://www.ijaent.org/acknowledgements/): Acknowledgements:
- [Corrections, Retractions, and Post Publication](https://www.ijaent.org/corrections-retractions-removal-and-republications/): Corrections, Retractions, and Post Publication:
- [Authorship](https://www.ijaent.org/authorship/): Authorship:
- [Competing Interests/ Conflicts of Interest](https://www.ijaent.org/competing-interests/): Competing Interests/ Conflicts of Interest: 
- [Animal and Human Research Participants: Clinical Trials, Nomenclatures, and Abbreviations](https://www.ijaent.org/code-of-conduct-for-medical-ethics/): Animal and Human Research Participants: Clinical Trials, Nomenclatures, and Abbreviations:
- [Data Access Statement and Material Availability](https://www.ijaent.org/availability-of-data-and-material/): Data Access Statement and Material Availability:
- [Repositories](https://www.ijaent.org/repositories/): Repository:
- [Image Integrity and Processing](https://www.ijaent.org/image-integrity-and-standards/): Image Integrity and Processing:
- [Published in Year 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2023/): VOLUME-10 ISSUE-12, DECEMBER 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-11, NOVEMBER 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-10, OCTOBER 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-9, SEPTEMBER 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-8, AUGUST 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-7, JULY 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-6, JUNE 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-5, MAY 2023
VOLUME-10 ISSUE-3, MARCH 2023
- [Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)](https://www.ijaent.org/faq/): Authors should first read the FAQ, then submit a query if necessary.
- [Important Dates](https://www.ijaent.org/dates/): Authors can electronically submit articles throughout the year using the Article Submission System. Authors can format their article either in (i) a single-column format or (ii) as per the journal template. The submitted articles should not have been previously published or are currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. The journal does not accept brief or short notes for publication. The editors retain the right to reject any articles that lack quality or originality without sending them for review. All articles must fall within the journal’s scope and will undergo a double-anonymized peer-review process. Authors must confirm that they have read and understood the content of their submitted article and ensure that it meets acceptable English grammar and usage standards. To help with the proofreading process, authors can use tools like Grammarly or similar applications. As an open-access journal, authors must pay an Article Processing Charge (APC) to publish their articles and retain copyright. Additionally, authors should familiarise themselves with the editorial and publishing policies of the journal.
- [Published in Year 2022](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2022/): VOLUME-9 ISSUE-11, NOVEMBER 2022
VOLUME-9 ISSUE-5, MAY 2022
VOLUME-9 ISSUE-4, APRIL 2022
VOLUME-9 ISSUE-2, FEBRUARY 2022
- [Confidentiality and Privacy](https://www.ijaent.org/confidentiality-policy/): Confidentiality and Privacy:
- [Conflict of Interest, Human and Animal rights, and Informed Consent](https://www.ijaent.org/conflict-of-interest-human-and-animal-rights-and-informed-consent/): The chief editor, members of the editorial board and scientific committee, and reviewers shall withdraw in any case of conflict of interest concerning an author or authors, or the content of a manuscript to be evaluated. The Journal will avoid all conflict of interest between authors, reviewers, and members of the editorial board and international scientific committee.
- [Declaration of Competing Interest](https://www.ijaent.org/declaration-of-competing-interest/): All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Authors should give their concern about the declaration of competing interest statement during copyright submission of the article to the journal that the authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.
- [Published in Year 2021](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2021/): VOLUME-4 ISSUE-6, SEPTEMBER 2021
VOLUME-4 ISSUE-5, FEBRUARY 2021
- [Article Submission System](https://www.ijaent.org/article-submission-system/): If there is any problem in uploading the article through the form given below, the author can also email the article to submit@ijaent.org with the following details: Your name, Mobile No, WhatsApp No, Country Name, Email, Other email (optional), scope of the article, Author(s) Name (Min-01, Max 05), Title of the Article, Name of the journal.
- [Article Processing Charge (APC)](https://www.ijaent.org/article-processing-charge-policy/): Authors must pay a fixed APC to publish their articles in the journal to retain copyright. The APC is payable only upon acceptance, not before or upon rejection.
- [Published in Year 2013](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2013/): VOLUME-1 ISSUE-1 DECEMBER 2013
- [Published in Year 2014](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2014/): VOLUME-2, ISSUE-1, DECEMBER 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-12, NOVEMBER 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-11, OCTOBER 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-10, SEPTEMBER 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-9, AUGUST 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-8, JULY 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-7, JUNE 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-6, MAY 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-5, APRIL 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-4, MARCH 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-3, FEBRUARY 2014
VOLUME-1, ISSUE-2, JANUARY 2014
- [Published in Year 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2015/): VOLUME-3, ISSUE-1, DECEMBER 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-12, NOVEMBER 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-11, OCTOBER 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-10, SEPTEMBER 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-9, AUGUST 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-8, JULY 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-7, JUNE 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-6, MAY 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-5, APRIL 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-4, MARCH 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-3, FEBRUARY 2015
VOLUME-2, ISSUE-2, JANUARY 2015
- [Published in Year 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2016/): Note:
- [Published in Year 2017](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2017/): Note:
- [Published in Year 2018](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2018/): Note:
- [Published in Year 2019](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2019/): VOLUME-4 ISSUE-1, OCTOBER 2019
- [Published in Year 2020](https://www.ijaent.org/published-in-year-2020/): VOLUME-4 ISSUE-4, OCTOBER 2020
VOLUME-4 ISSUE-3, APRIL 2020
VOLUME-4 ISSUE-2, FEBRUARY 2020
- [Misconduct/ Plagiarism](https://www.ijaent.org/plagiarism-policy/): Misconduct/ Plagiarism:
- [Intellectual Property](https://www.ijaent.org/copyright-grants-and-ownership-declaration/): These permissions are granted under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License. The International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) encourage users to share and disseminate the work, providing appropriate credit to the original authors and refraining from altering or using the content commercially. This inclusive approach allows a broader audience to benefit from shared knowledge.
- [Open Access Publishing](https://www.ijaent.org/open-access-license/): Open Access Publishing:
- [Indexing and Abstracting](https://www.ijaent.org/indexing/): It is crucial to comprehend that the decision to add an article to an indexing and abstracting database, such as Scopus, is solely made by the team and not the International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT). Therefore, the International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) has no authority over whether an article is accepted or rejected for inclusion in the database. Furthermore, the International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) does not affect the required processing time of an article for inclusion in the indexing and abstracting database. The indexing and abstracting details of the journal are given below:
- [Peer Review](https://www.ijaent.org/peer-review-policy/): Peer Review:
- [Contact](https://www.ijaent.org/contact/): Author should first read FAQ before writing us.
- [Editorial and Publishing Policies](https://www.ijaent.org/ethics-policies/): The Journal follow the principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing — English. https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.12
- [Download](https://www.ijaent.org/download/): Authors can download following items as per their requirements:
- [Archive](https://www.ijaent.org/archive/): The International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) publish two types of issues: (1) Regular Issues and (2) Theme-Based Special Issues (announced from time to time). The Authors may submit articles electronically throughout the year using the Article Submission System. After the final acceptance of the article, based upon the detailed review process, the article will immediately be published online. For Theme-Based Special Issues, time-bound special calls for articles will be announced. Authors are allowed to download published articles. The articles published in the International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Nano Technology (IJAENT) are open-access and accessible online without subscription fees as soon as it is published.
- [Editorial Board](https://www.ijaent.org/editorial-board/): The Journal invites individuals to join the editorial board by submitting a membership form to express their interest and qualifications.
- [Call for Papers (Regular Issue)](https://www.ijaent.org/call-for-papers-regular-issue/): Dear Professor | Scientist | Scholar,
You are invited to submit original research article (s) as per your research expertise. Article (s) can be submitted from the journal website by using ‘Article Submission System’ throughout the year if: Plagiarism of the article is less than 15%, including references.
The article is within scope of the journal.
The article is original and result-oriented.
For more detailed information, please visit ‘Guidelines for Authors’.  Important Dates-  Articles Submission Open for Volume-13 Issue-10, October 2026 
Last Date of Article Submission: 30 September 2026
Date of Notification: 15 October 2026
Date of Publication: 30 October 2026
Article Submission System

## Downloads
- [Volume-13 Issue-7, July 2026](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-13-issue-7/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-12 Issue-1, January 2025](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-12-issue-1/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-12, December 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-12/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-6, June 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-6/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-5, May 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-4, April 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-4/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-3, March 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-3/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-2, February 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-2/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-11 Issue-1, January 2024](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-11-issue-1/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-12, December 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-12/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-11, November 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-11/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-10, October 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-10/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-9, September 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-9/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-8, August 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-8/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-7, July 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-7/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-6, June 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-6/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-5, May 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-10 Issue-3, March 2023](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-10-issue-3/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-9 Issue-11, November 2022](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-9-issue-11/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-9 Issue-5, May 2022](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-9-issue-5/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-9 Issue-4, April 2022](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-9-issue-4/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-9 Issue-2, February 2022](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-9-issue-2/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-4 Issue-6, September 2021](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-6/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-4 Issue-5, February 2021](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-5/): Volume-4 Issue-5, February 2021, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication
- [Volume-4 Issue-4, October 2020](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-4/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-4 Issue-3, April 2020](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-3/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-4 Issue-2, February 2020](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-2/): Editor-In-Chief
- [Volume-4 Issue-1, October 2019](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-4-issue-1/): Volume-4 Issue-1, October 2019, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-12, December 2018](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-12/): Volume-3 Issue-12, December 2018, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-11, August 2018](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-11/): Volume-3 Issue-11, August 2018, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-10, June 2018](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-10/): Volume-3 Issue-10, June 2018, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-9, April 2018](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-9/): Volume-3 Issue-9, April 2018, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-8, October 2017](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-8/): Volume-3 Issue-8, October 2017, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-7, January 2017](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-7/): Volume-3 Issue-7, January 2017, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-6, October 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-6/): Volume-3 Issue-6, October 2016, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-5, August 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-5/): Volume-3 Issue-5, August 2016, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-4, June 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-4/): Volume-3 Issue-4, June 2016, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-3, April 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-3/): Volume-3 Issue-3, April 2016, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-3 Issue-2, February 2016](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-2/): Volume-3 Issue-2, February 2016, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-1, December 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-1/): Volume-2 Issue-1, December 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online) Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication A Numerical Comparison between Aluminuim Alloy and Mild Steel in Order to Enhance the Energy Absorption Capacity of the Thin Walled Tubes Jamal O. Sameer1, Omar S. Zaroog2, Samer F.3, Abdulbasit Abdullah4 Fabrication of Monolithic Silica Microchip for Efficient DNA Purification Eman Alzahrani Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Photoluminescence and Size Tunability Neelam Hazoor Zaidi Enzymatic Depolymerization of Nano Chitin Particles into N-Acetylglucosamine G. N. Rameshaiah1, Y. K. Suneetha2
- [Volume-3 Issue-1, December 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-3-issue-1/): Volume-3 Issue-1, December 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-12, November 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-12/): Volume-2 Issue-12, November 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-11, October 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-11/): Volume-2 Issue-11, October 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-10, September 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-10/): Volume-2 Issue-10, September 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-9, August 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-9/): Volume-2 Issue-9, August 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-8, July 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-8/): Volume-2 Issue-8, July 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-7, June 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-7/): Volume-2 Issue-7, June 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-6/): Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication
- [Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-5/): Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online) Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Performance Study of Piggybacked CDMA/PRMA HAP System Yaser A. Salem Intelligent Household LED Lighting System Considering User Satisfaction and Energy Saving Ankita B. Kolhe1, P. S. Choudhary2 Nonlinear (Pushover) Analysis of Steel frame with External Bracing N.T. Bhagat1, A. H. Deshmukh2 Vibration Analysis of Thick Plate by Using Refined Plate Theory and ANSYS I. I. Sayyad1, S. M. Hon2, K. K. Joshi3, P. N. Kolase4, Omkar Babasaheb Kale5 Review on Enhanced Multi-Queue Packet Schedular Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network Shital L. Bansod1, Sonal Honale2
- [Volume-2 Issue-4, March 2015](https://www.ijaent.org/download/volume-2-issue-4/): Volume-2 Issue-4, March 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online) Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Toponymic System in Akmola Region G.T. Omarova1, R.O. Tuksaitova2, A.Sh. Albekova3, Sh.S.Tleugazina4 Simple Model and PI Controller to Improve the Performance Characteristics of PMSM under Field Oriented Control with Using SVPWM Hamdy Mohamed Soliman1, S. M. EL-Hakim2 A Review on OFDM Based WiMAX System Mohd. Abuzer Khan1, Deepak Bicholia2, Smita Patil3 BSN with GSM V. N. S. Manaswini1, Y. Gayathri2, Gowtham Mamidisetti3  

## Portfolio Items
- [G048913070726](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/g048913070726/): Clean energy carrier hydrogen requires improved containment methods that prevent H2 embrittlement and permeation within H2 infrastructure owing to high-pressure H2. Our study evaluated polymer nanocomposite (PNC) coatings as potential barrier coatings, assessing materials and coating designs to optimise performance, durability, and large-scale manufacturability. Our multifaceted research methodology includes the following: 1) Literature review on the topic of H2 permeability/permeation and embrittlement, identifying gaps in knowledge concerning how PNCs affect these processes. 2) Molecular dynamics simulations to analyse H2 diffusivity in different PNC compositions (298- 353 K temperature range, 1- 100 bar pressure range). 3) Finite element analysis (FEA) to assess the stresses and strains at the interface of a PNC coating and H2 infrastructure under operational conditions. Our meta analysis of 12 published studies indicates that a PVDF-graphene nanocomposite with 1.0 wt% graphene filler (PVDF-1.0 wt% GNC) reduced H2 permeability by 31.6% compared to non-filled PVDF. Furthermore, we identified several other materials, such as MXene nanosheets and Krytox liquid coatings, that provide exceptional H2 barrier properties under both electrochemical and high-pressure-stressed environments. However, adhesion failure remains a critical issue for PNCs exposed to corrosive and cyclic-loading conditions. For instance, conventional polymer coatings completely degraded upon exposure to H2S at 8 MPa. In addition, the substrate material significantly affects PNC performance; for example, X52 and X70 steels exhibited different interfacial behaviours with PNC coatings. Based on computational analysis, temperature dependence of diffusivity was observed in HDPE and EVOH but remains unexplored for most PNCs. Industrial failure analyses indicate that conventional coating systems were highly susceptible to failure when used in aged H2 infrastructure components. Therefore, more resilient PNC coating materials are needed to ensure the long-term integrity of existing infrastructure and to facilitate the expansion of the H2 economy through the development of new H2 infrastructure. Overall, this research demonstrates the promise of PVDF-graphene and MXene-based PNCs for mitigating H2 permeability and identifies several key research areas to improve PNC performance over the long term. These findings will contribute to safer H2 transportation and storage, thereby promoting the development and adoption of carbon-neutral H2 energy technologies.
- [A048512010125](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/a048512010125/): 1Himanshu Tripathi, Department of Computer Applications, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India.  
- [I048411090924](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/i048411090924/): 5Mr. Mudimka Jahota Yerima, Department of Computer Science/Statistics, Plateau State Polytechnic, Plateau, Nigeria.  
- [B809613020724](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/b809613020724/): 3Wallie Tilahun Bitew, Lecturer at Debre Markos University, Debre Markos Institute of Technology, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
- [B43291213223](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/b43291213223/): Mfonobong Ukweso Peter, Research Assistant Scholar, Applied Mathematics Research Group, Baum Tenpers Institute, Lagos Nigeria.
- [D440513040424](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d440513040424/): 2Opololaoluwa Oladimarum Ogunlowo, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federa University Otuoke, Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
- [F802312060324](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f802312060324/): 3Iqra Yamin, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology China.  
- [A97691213123](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/a97691213123/): 3Omotayo Mayowa Emmanuel, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Osun State Polytechnic IREE
- [E79680112524](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e79680112524/): 1Shreyas Kankoriya, Sn. Design Engineer, Department Chassis Engineering, Tata Technologies, Pune (Maharastra), India. 
- [F42140812623](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f42140812623/): Spatial Variability of Rainfall and Classification of Peninsular Indian Catchments
M Ravi Naik1, MVSS Giridhar2 1M Ravi Naik, Centre for Water Resources, UCEST, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad (Telangana), India. 2Dr. MVSS Giridhar, Centre for Water Resources, UCEST, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad (Telangana), India. Manuscript received on 02 June 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 05 October 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 December 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 December 2023 | PP: 9-15 | Volume-10 Issue-12, December 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.F42140812623 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.F4214.12101223 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The strength and success of hydrological analysis depend upon the quantity and quality of observed data. In the recent past, the availability of advanced computing facilities and measurement techniques had a great impact on the field of hydrology, especially in hydrologic analysis and hydrologic modeling. In spite of such growth, the present hydrologic modeling has certain challenges: complexity (involving a large number of parameters), applicability to a specific region (difficult to generalize for other regions), and lack of understanding of the connection between model theories and the actual system. The general solution of simplifying the models in terms of developing a classification framework has been discussed and focused on in the present study. It will greatly help to overcome the hydrologic modeling challenges and provides a better understanding of the hydrologic process. In general, classification is a way of grouping entities which has similar characteristics. The importance of applying nonlinear dynamics and chaos methods for classification has been realized in the recent past; since such studies provide exclusive information on hidden characteristics such as complexity, nonlinearity, dimensionality, etc. Of hydrological processes. The hydrologic processes are complex. In this study, information regarding the complexity is extracted by statistical analysis and linear methods such as Autocorrelation Function, and Average Mutual Information. 367 gridded rainfall stations over Peninsular Indian basins are used to investigate the applicability of different methods used in the study. Keywords: Peninsular India, Hydrology, Rainfall, Nonlinear dynamics, Autocorrelation, Average Mutual Information. Scope of the Article: Classification Download PDF
- [A97591213123](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/a97591213123/): An Overview of Deep Learning Methods for Segmenting Thyroid Ultrasound Images
Jatinder Kumar1, Surya Narayan Panda2, Devi Dayal3 1Jatinder Kumar, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India. 2Surya Narayan Panda, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India. 3Devi Dayal, Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. Manuscript received on 04 November 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 12 December 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 December 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 December 2023 | PP: 1-7 | Volume-10 Issue-12, December 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.A97591213123 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.A9759.12101223 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: One of the various imaging modalities that is most frequently utilized in clinical practice is ultrasound (US). It is an emerging technology that has certain advantages along with disadvantages such as poor imaging quality and a lot of fluctuation. To aid in US diagnosis and/or to increase the objectivity and accuracy of such evaluation, effective automatic US image assessment techniques must be created from the perspective of image analysis. The most effective machine learning technology, notably in computer vision and general evaluation of images, has since been proven to belong to deep learning. Deep learning also has a huge potential for using US images for many automated activities. This paper quickly presents many well-known deep learning architectures before summarizing and delving into their applications in a number of distinct. Keywords: Deep Learning, Ultrasound Image, Segmentation, Thyroid Nodule, Deep Learning, Machine Learning Scope of the Article: Deep Learning Download PDF
- [F42370812623](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f42370812623/): 1Sanjay Kumar Jha, Department of Computer Science, SGT, University, Haryana, Gurugram (Haryana), India.
- [I96940812923](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/i96940812923/): 4Sovit Kumar Gupta, Student, Galgotias University Greater Noida, UP, India. 
- [A42801013123](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/a42801013123/): Improved Performance of a Grid-Connected Inverter with Two PV Array Input under Different Environment Conditions using Adaptive Neuro Fis Based Control
Ankit Shukla1, Rajesh Kr Ahuja2, Bharti Thakur3 1Ankit Shukla, M. Tech Scholar, J.C. Bose UST, YMCA, Faridabad (Haryana), India. 2Rajesh Kr Ahuja, Faculty, Department of Electrical Engineering, J.C. Bose UST, YMCA, Faridabad, (Haryana), India. 3Bharti Thakur, Faculty, Department of Electrical Engineering, J.C. Bose UST, YMCA, Faridabad, (Haryana), India. Manuscript received on 11 August 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 04 October 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2023 | PP: 1-5 | Volume-10 Issue-10, October 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.A42801013123 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.A4280.10101023 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Grid-connected inverters based on solar PV cells are becoming increasingly common. At times, the PV can be subjected to a certain environmental situation, such as varying irradiance or temperature. Present developments in gird-connected PV inverters do not have many reliable yields or reliability in this case. In this article, an improved control framework system is intended for two PV that are mismatched in various ways, resulting in a highly effective grid-connected solar inverter with THD under 1% for both voltage and current. The regulator employs a control scheme comprised of an ANFIS-based control system that works in tandem with the incremental conductance technique of MPPT. The outcomes are simulated and validated using MATLAB Simulink. Keywords: Solar, ANFIS, 2 PV, Array Scope of the Article: Renewable Energy Technology Download PDF
- [I04750910923](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/i04750910923/): Cloud Metering and Monitoring
Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna, B Tech, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. Manuscript received on 28 August 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 04 September 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 September 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 September 2023 | PP: 1-3 | Volume-10 Issue-9, September 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.I04750910923 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.I0475.0910923 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: For Service Oriented Infrastructures (SOI) and Cloud services, monitoring and metering are crucial tasks. For the proper execution of cloud applications & the monitoring of SLA compliance, the data gathered through monitoring is required. The motivations for and challenges in monitoring and metering cloud systems are discussed. The methods for monitoring the network and execution environment on virtualized infrastructures will be discussed together with the monitoring tools that are now available on various commercial and research platforms. Every distributed computing system has a basic feature that includes monitoring chores. Every service should be watched over in order to evaluate its effectiveness and enable remedial measures in the event of failure. A functional snapshot of the system's behaviour along the time axis is what monitoring data reflects. Such information is essential for pinpointing the source of issues or for fine-tuning various system components. For example, failure detection and recovery procedures require a monitoring component to determine whether to restart a specific server or subsystem based on the data gathered by the monitoring system. Keywords: SOI, CPU, SLA Scope of the Article: Cloud Computing Download PDF
- [G04740710723](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/g04740710723/): Generative AI
Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna, B Tech, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University CSE Block, Guntur (Andhra Pradesh) India. Manuscript received on 21 June 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 07 July 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 August 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 August 2023 | PP: 1-3 | Volume-10 Issue-8, August 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.G04740710723 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.G0474.0810823 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have made it possible for machines to independently produce avariety of creative content. In the context of producing creative content, this essay examines the developments, difficulties, and ethical issues relating to generative AI. It looks into how generative models, such Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Auto encoders (VAEs), can produce realistic artwork like music, literature, and visuals. However, it is frequently discovered that GAN training is extremely unstable and frequently experiences non-convergence, mode collapse, and hyperparameter sensitivity . The technical details of developing and optimizing generative models to produce desired results are covered in detail in this work. It also looks at the difficulties in guaranteeing the variety, creativity, and coherence of generated content. Additionally, the use of generative AI in the creation of original material raises ethical questions. Included in this are concerns about intellectual property, plagiarism, and possible effects on the creative industries. In specifically, the article explores the consequences of employing generative AI for content production in terms of authorship, human creativity, and the possible disruption of traditional creative practices. It also covers issues with fairness, bias, and appropriate application of generative models. Keywords: AI, GANs, VAEs Scope of the Article: Artificial Intelligence Download PDF
- [F42310812623](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f42310812623/): Improving Real-Time Bidding in Online Advertising using Markov Decision Processes and Machine Learning Techniques
Parikshit Sharma Parikshit Sharma, Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (Rajasthan), India. Manuscript received on 16 June 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 04 July 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 July 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 July 2023 | PP: 1-8 | Volume-10 Issue-7, July 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.F42310812623 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.F4231.0710723 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Real-time bidding has emerged as an effective online advertising technique. With real-time bidding, advertisers can position ads per impression, enabling them to optimise ad campaigns by targeting specific audiences in real-time. This paper proposes a novel method for real-time bidding that combines deep learning and reinforcement learning techniques to enhance the efficiency and precision of the bidding process. In particular, the proposed method employs a deep neural network to predict auction details and market prices and a reinforcement learning algorithm to determine the optimal bid price. The model is trained using historical data from the iPin You dataset and compared to cutting-edge real-time bidding algorithms. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed method is preferable regarding cost-effectiveness and precision. In addition, the study investigates the influence of various model parameters on the performance of the proposed algorithm. It offers insights into the efficacy of the combined deep learning and reinforcement learning approach for real-time bidding. This study contributes to advancing techniques and offers a promising direction for future research.  Keywords: Real-time bidding, Display advertising, Reinforcement learning, Markov decision process, Deep landscape forecasting
Scope of the Article: Deep learning Download PDF
- [E41190612523](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e41190612523/): Multilingual NLP
Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna Guntamukkala Gopi Krishna, Scholar, Lovely Professional University, Guntur (Andhra Pradesh), India. Manuscript received on 07 April 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 15 June 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 June 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 June 2023 | PP: 9-12 | Volume-10 Issue-6, June 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.E41190612523 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.E4119.0610623 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The subject area of multilingual natural language processing (NLP) is concerned with the processing of natural language data in several languages. NLP systems that can translate between languages are becoming more and more necessary as the globe gets more interconnected in order to promote understanding and communication among speakers of various languages. To be effective, communication must overcome a number of obstacles presented by multilingual NLP. Lack of language standardization, which results in major variations in the grammatical constructions, vocabulary, and writing systems used in many languages, is one of the fundamental problems. The requirement for substantial amounts of annotated data for machine learning model training presents another difficulty. The creation of high-quality annotated datasets in numerous languages is time- and money-consuming, which restricts the supply of multilingual NLP resources. The problem of creating NLP systems that can handle several languages at once is the last one. This necessitates the deployment of sophisticated algorithms that can handle and evaluate data in numerous languages while producing precise findings. Researchers and developers are working on a variety of methods to address these issues. Creating standardized formats for multilingual data representation, like Universal Dependencies, which offers a unified framework for annotating linguistic data in several languages, is one strategy. Using transfer learning techniques to transfer knowledge from high-resource languages to low-resource languages is an alternative strategy. The amount of annotated data required for training NLP models in low-resource languages can bedecreased with the use of this method. Last but not least, researchers are working to create multilingual NLP models that can manage numerous languages at once. To deliver precise results across numerous languages, these models employ cutting-edge methodologies like neural machine translation and multilingual word embedding’s. Despite the fact that multilingual NLP presents a number of difficult issues, with continuing study and development, it is possible to create NLP systems that are capable of processing natural language data from several languages.   Keywords: NLP, AI, ML, Multilingual, Multilingual NLP, BERT,XLM
Scope of the Article: Artificial Intelligence Download PDF
- [G95820612723](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/g95820612723/): A Fuzzy Approach to Educational Grading Systems “Fuzzy Logic Based Grade Card”
Parikshit Sharma Parikshit Sharma, Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (Rajasthan), India. Manuscript received on 04 May 2023 | Revised Manuscript received on 15 June 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 June 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 June 2023 | PP: 1-8 | Volume-10 Issue-6, June 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.G95820612723 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.G9582.0610623 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This study aims at developing a fuzzy approach for the educational grading systems. Through this study a fuzzy logic-based grading card is suggested. The grading system based on crisp approach just deals with numbers. Fuzziness, being an important property of language, motivates us to work and study in this fuzzy environment. Before discussing the actual grade card some introduction about the key concepts is given for the readers. We have also analyzed the difference in grading and evaluating systems followed from the decades and the new fuzzy logic-based evaluation system. It also includes connectivity levels, advantages, and disadvantages between both evolution methods. The future scope of the fuzzy grading system is also discussed. The report will conclude with the answer to the question, “Is a fuzzy logic- based grade card worth for the educational grading systems?”. Moreover, towards the end, suggestions will be provided on how to bring more of these fuzzy approaches into education systems.  Keywords: Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy logic-based grading card, Mamdani fuzzy inference, Logical reasoning
Scope of the Article: Fuzzy logic Download PDF
- [C72320911322](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c72320911322/): A Review on Technologies in Robotic Gripper
Meet Chitroda1, Bhumeshwar K. Patle2 1Meet Chitroda, Student, MIT Art Design and Technology University, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
2Dr. Bhumeshwar K. Patle, Associate Professor, MIT Art Design and Technology University, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on 21 July 2022 | Revised Manuscript received on 11 May 2023 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 May 2023 | Manuscript published on 30 May 2023 | PP: 1-5 | Volume-10 Issue-5, May 2023 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.C72320911322 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.C7232.0511523 Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Robots are replacing human workers in many industries due which increases efficiency, productivity and thus results in high operational quality. An intelligent robot is the one which interact with the environment and can take the decisions itself. Domestic robots can also provide assistance to physically disabled or elder people in their day to day life. Pressing the demands of enhanced productivity has necessitated the deployment of robot to automate tasks (Baizid et al., 2015). A manipulator can be geared with end-effector to complete variety of tasks. Robotic grippers are used in agriculture, food processing industry, packaging of food, palletizing of boxes and many more. Grippers are the device that enables robots to grasp and grip objects. The designing of end effector should be done by considering its specific application in industry. On comparison of gripper with human hand, a robot’s gripper is very bounded in terms of mechanical movement, practical service and general applications. To use the full ability of robotic technology, the gripper must be designed more of a like human hand. This paper attempts to describe the different technologies of Robotic gripper which help the people which would be a Businessman as well as common people or Industrialist. The main target of this paper is to contribute some information on different on robotic grippers, since selection of gripper plays a fundamental part in robot’s productivity and performance.  Keywords: Robotic Gripper, End-Effector, Robot Manipulator.
Scope of the Article: Robotic Download PDF
- [F37610811622](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f37610811622/): 1Samimohammad J. Pathan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai University, Bandra, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
- [I04721191122](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/i04721191122/): 1Bekkuzhina S. S., S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
- [E0469059522](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0469059522/): Voltage Stability Assessment of Sudanese National Network within Re-Evaluation of the SVC Projects
Israa Salih Hamad Alajab1, Dlal Gema Hamid Mohammed2, Abbas Abdl-Elrasool El-Zubair Sam3 1Israa Salih Alajab*, Network Analysis, Department of General Directorate of Planning and Projects, Sudanese Electricity Transmission Company, Khartoum, Sudan. 2Dlal Gema Hamid, Network Analysis, Department of General Directorate of Planning and Projects, Sudanese Electricity Transmission Company, Khartoum, Sudan. 3Abbas Abd-ElRasool Elzubair, Network Analysis, Department of General Directorate of Planning and Projects, Sudanese Electricity Transmission Company, Khartoum, Sudan.
Manuscript received on 19 April 2022. | Revised Manuscript received on 23 April 2022. | Manuscript published on 30 May 2022. | PP: 1-7 | Volume-9, Issue-5, May 2022. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.E0469059522 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.E0469.059522 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In the last ten years Sudan National Grid suffering from a steady increase in loads, with a shortage of generation and congestion in transmission substations and lines. This caused many cases of blackouts. As a solution to this situation, the Static Var Compensators (SVC) project was recommended to improve the voltage in the National Grid (NG) by providing adequate reactive power support at the specified nine locations to solve voltage instability problems. This study re-evaluates the project, especially after the delay in implementation and the major change that occurred in the NG the evaluation will cover all nine proposed substations (Port-Sudan (POR), Hag-Abdallah (HAG), Farooq (FAR), Mahadiya (MHD), Kuku (KUK), Local market (LOM), New Hasahisa (NHAS), Bagair (BAG), and Gamueia (GAM).) and show its effect on the overall National Grid voltage.  Keywords: National Grid (NG), Voltage Stability Analysis (VSA), Static Var Compensator (SVC), Bus Participation Factor (BPF), Eigen Values (EV)
Scope of the Article: Grid Networking/ Computing Download PDF
- [C0468039322](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c0468039322/): Sudan National Grid Contingency Ranking Through Fuzzy Logic Approach
Mohammed Osman Hassan Mohammed Zain1, Israa Salih Hamad Alajab2 1 Dr. Mohammed Osman Hassan, Associate Professor, School of Electrical and Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.  2Israa Salih Alajab*, Network Analysis Department, the General Directorate of Planning and Projects, Sudanese Electricity Transmission Company, Khartoum, Sudan.
Manuscript received on 21 February 2022. | Revised Manuscript received on 02 April 2022. | Manuscript published on 30 April 2022. | PP: 1-7 | Volume-9, Issue-4, April 2022. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.C0468039322 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.C0468.049422 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The effect of the line outage when rest of system is stable is called contingency study. The outage on the system may be for single line (N-1) contingency or for multiple lines (N-m) contingency where N the total number of lines and m the number of lines out the service. The study of contingency is essential process in planning, operating and control of power systems. The main thrust of contingency studies carried out in power system control centers is to determine the steady state effects of outages. Large power systems require the analysis of all the credible contingence within a very short time so as to exercise the control in the short time available for corrective action. Generally, the system continues to operate in the contingency condition for a considerable duration of time, on occurrence of a line outage. The altered voltage stability margins of all the load buses for the various contingency conditions are to be known prior to monitor and initiate emergency control action to avoid voltage collapse. This study suggests an intelligent technique using fuzzy logic control system to assist in ranking the single contingency (N-1) which occur in the system. The suggested fuzzy logic approach was taken into consideration and applied to the national Sudanese grid.  Keywords: Contingency Analysis (CA), Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS), Severity Index Voltage Profile (SIvp), Severity Index of Line Flow (SILF), Composite Index (CI).
Scope of the Article: Fuzzy Logics Download PDF
- [B0466019222](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/b0466019222/): Investigating Security Issues and Preventive Mechanisms in Ipv6 Deployment
J. Sebastian Nixon1, Megersa Amenu2 1J. Sebastian Nixon*, School of Informatics, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia. 2Megersa Amenu, School of Informatics, Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia. 
Manuscript received on January 13, 2022. | Revised Manuscript received on February 01, 2022. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2022. | PP: 1-20 | Volume-9, Issue-2, February 2022. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.B0466019222 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.B0466.029222 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley | Indexing and Abstracting © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Internet Protocols are utilized to empower the communication between the computing devices in the computer networks. IPv6 offers additional address space and more noteworthy security than IPv4. The progress from IPv4 to IPv6 has been finished through three primary change systems: dual-stack, tunneling, and translation. The IPv6 progress relies upon the similarity with the enormous introduced base of IPv4 nodes and routers just as keeping up with the security of the network from possible threats and vulnerabilities of both Internet protocols. This research identifies potential security issues in the transition mechanisms and proposing prevention mechanisms to the problems identified. Dual-Stack & Tunneling mechanisms were completely implemented in this research work and the security test was based on dual-stack network. A simulation has been designed by using GNS3 and the penetration test by the THC-IPv6 toolkit. After the implementation of simulation, IPv6 in the dual-stack mechanism was identified as vulnerable to DoS via RA flooding and IPv6 fragmentation attacks that shown the IPv6 security problems. Therefore, IPv6 ACLs and RA guards were proposed in order to protect from flooding attacks and VFR should be configured to prevent IPv6 fragmentation.  Keywords: Ipv4, Ipv6, Fragmentation, Ra Flooding, Security.
Scope of the Article: Security and privacy Download PDF
- [D0464084621](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d0464084621/): Nanomaterials: Applications in Electronics Harshada V. Mhetre1, Yuvraj. K. Kanse2, Suhas. S. Patil3
1Mrs. Harshada V. Mhetre*, Research Scholar Student, Department of Electronics Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune (Maharashtra), India.
2Dr. Yuvraj K. Kanse, Department of Electronics Engineering, Shivaji University, Kolhapur (Maharashtra), India.
3Dr. Suhas S. Patil, Department of Electronics Engineering, Shivaji University, Kolhapur (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on August 24, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on September 24, 2021. | Manuscript published on September 30, 2021. | PP: 7-19 | Volume-4, Issue-6, September 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijaent.D0464084621 | DOI: 10.35940/ijaent.D0464.094621 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite | Mendeley © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Nanotechnology is steadily transgressing from the laboratory to the commercial sphere and is enhancing products in a variety of sectors. Nanotechnology R&D has evolved from foundational discoveries aimed at understanding and exploiting nanoscale behaviour to an enabling technology. Nanomaterials are materials which are sized between 1 to 100 nm. Due to the basic characteristics of nanomaterials such as optical properties, reflection, transmission, absorption, and light emission, which are different from those of bulk materials, nanomaterials are useful in a variety of applications in different fields. In this paper the different types of nanomaterials have been outlined based upon their dimensions and applications in the field of electronics such as Quantum dots (QD’s) in solar cells and Carbon Nanotubes and graphene in FETs. Keywords: Quantum Dots, Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Solar cells, FETs Download PDF
- [F0182051614](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0182051614/): Medial Image Registration Based on Information Theoretic Approach
Mendpara Kishankumar1, Patel Manish2
1Mr. Mendpara Kishankumar, Department of ECE, B.H.Gardi College of Engineering and Technology, Rajkot, India.
2Prof. Patel Manish, Department of ECE, B.H.Gardi College of Engineering and Technology, Rajkot, India.
Manuscript received on May 10, 2014. | Revised Manuscript Received on May 12, 2014. | Manuscript published on May 18, 2014. | PP:24-26 | Volume-1, Issue-6, May 2014. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Image Registration is basic step in image processing applications. By matching of two or more images taken at different times, from different angles or from different sensors we can get registration of those images. The registration process aligns the reference and target images. The formal approaches can be categorized according to their nature of procedure and from four basic steps of image registration process like feature detection, feature matching, estimation of transformation and image resampling and transformation. Medical image registration techniques further can be classified according to different modalities involved in registration process. In survey papers related to image registration there are different methods of medical image registration can be found and based on that methods we can compare that different methods with information theory based methods. Keywords: Image Registration, Information Theory, Medical Image Processing, Mutual Information. Download PDF
- [F0179051614](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0179051614/): Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Glutathione for Diminishing Tissue Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
O. V. Rotar1, K. Tenedja2, A. D. Arkhelyuk3, V. I. Rotar4, I. S. Davidencko5, V. I. Fediv6
1Asst. Prof. O.V. Rotar, General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
2Dr. K. Taneja, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India.
3Asst. Prof. O.D. Archelyuck, Department of Correlation Optics, Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
4V. I. Rotar, General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
5I. S. Davidencko, General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
6V. I. Fediv, General Surgery Department, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine.
Manuscript received on May 10, 2014. | Revised Manuscript Received on May 12, 2014. | Manuscript published on May 18, 2014. | PP:19-23 | Volume-1, Issue-6, May 2014. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Nanoparticles composed of chitosan or chitosan plus cyclodextrin-beta comlex for tissue delivery of the glutathione were prepared. Mean size of nanoparticle systems were 100-150 nm in both groups. Encapsulation efficiency for glutathione of chitosan/cyclodextrin nanoparticles was 2,5 time higher than simple chitosan system thus leaded to improvement delivery of glutathione to mucosal layer of small intestine and diminishing tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury Keywords: glutathione, nanoparticles, chitosan, cyclodextrin. Download PDF
- [F0176051614](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0176051614/): Attribute based Specification, Comparison and Selection of Nanoactuator Elements
Tanvir Singh1, V. P. Agrawal2
1Tanvir Singh, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dronacharya College of Engineering, Khentawas, Farrukh Nagar, Gurgaon-122506, Haryana, India.
2Dr. V.P. Agrawal, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thapar University, P.O. Box 32, Patiala-147004, Punjab, India.
Manuscript received on May 10, 2014. | Revised Manuscript Received on May 12, 2014. | Manuscript published on May 18, 2014. | PP:01-14 | Volume-1, Issue-6, May 2014. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Organizations are deploying well designed nanoactuators supporting converged applications of defence, mechanical industry, and biological applications, etc. Optimum selection of nanoactuator elements for R & D of nanodevices for given application satisfying desired aims and objectives is a multiple attribute/criteria/objective decision making problem. The paper proposes technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to evaluate and rank nanoactuator elements in the presence of multiple attributes for solving the nanoactuator elements selection problem. The method normalizes attributes of nanoactuator elements to nullify the effect of different units and their values in the range of 0 to 1. The relative importance of different attributes of nanoactuator elements for different applications is considered. Euclidean distance of alternatives from these best and worst solutions of nanoactuator elements leads to the development of proximity /goodness/suitability index for ranking of nanoactuator elements. The method ensures that optimally selected nanoactuator elements are closest to the hypothetical best and farthest from the hypothetical worst solution. Research methodology in the form of step-by-step procedure is implemented with the help of an illustrative example. Keywords: Nanoactuator elements selection; MADM; TOPSIS; Pertinent attributes; Weighted normalization; Ranking; Download PDF
- [D0271032415](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d0271032415/): BSN with GSM
V. N. S. Manaswini1, Y. Gayathri2, Gowtham Mamidisetti3
1V. N. S. Manaswini, Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2Y. Gayathri, Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3Gowtham Mamidisetti, Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women, Andhra Pradesh, India..
Manuscript received on March 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on March 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on March 18, 2015. | PP: 18-20 | Volume-2 Issue-4, March 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In this paper, Body Sensor Network Based Health Monitoring System is presented. In these days where mobility is needed everywhere wearable gadgets monitoring of health parameters for patient with medical warning is essential. To address the need of such patients this system is proposed. The proposed BSN uses miniature sensors to detect the health parameters. These health parameters are then communicated to physician’s server. The physician set various threshold values for the health parameters to caution the patient. The caution messages are generated by the physician’s server to send back the physicians advice to the patient on his current health condition. The communication of patient health parameters to physician server and physician advice to the patient are successfully implemented using long range wireless technology GSM. Keywords: Body Sensor Network(BSN); HMS (Health Monitoring System);GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication); Health Parameters; Miniature Sensors; Physician’ server Download PDF
- [E0290042515](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0290042515/): Review on Enhanced Multi-Queue Packet Schedular Scheme for Wireless Sensor Network
Shital L. Bansod1, Sonal Honale2
1Ms. Shital L. Bansod, Wireless Communication and Computing, ABHA college of engineering, Nagpur, India.
2Prof. Sonal Honale, Wireless Communication and Computing, ABHA college of engineering, Nagpur, India.
Manuscript received on April 09, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on April 26, 2015. | Manuscript published on April 31, 2015. | PP: 22-24 | Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015. | Retrieval Number: E0290042515 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications heavily rely on information being transmitted in a timely manner. In such sensor networks, packet scheduling plays a vital role in reducing end-to-end data transmission delays. Developing packet scheduling algorithms in wireless sensor networks can efficiently enhance delivery of packets through wireless links. Packet scheduling can guarantee quality of service and improve transmission rate in wireless sensor networks. It is the process used to select which packet to be serviced or which to be dropped based on the priority such as real time packet and non-real time packet. This paper deals with various packet scheduling algorithms. Wireless sensor network has a different packet scheduling strategy and each has their own advantage and disadvantage. This paper brings a survey on algorithm which provides priority based scheduling and its application. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, Packet scheduling scheme, Non-preemptive priority scheduling, Preemptive pocket scheduling scheme, Real-time, Non-Real-time. Download PDF
- [D0272032415](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d0272032415/): A Review on OFDM Based WiMAX System
Mohd. Abuzer Khan1, Deepak Bicholia2, Smita Patil3
1Mohd. Abuzer Khan, Dept. of E&TC Engg. IES, IPS Academy Indore 452012, India
2Deepak Bicholia, Asst. Prof., Department of E&TC Engineering, IES, IPS Academy, Indore 452012, India.
3Smita Patil, Assoc. Prof., Department of E&TC Engineering, IES, IPS Academy, Indore 452012, India.
Manuscript received on March 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on March 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on March 18, 2015. | PP: 14-17 | Volume-2 Issue-4, March 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In this paper, we present the review on the OFDM based WiMAX system and its various versions. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access has a acronym WiMAX. It is a PTP & PMP wireless technology which is based on IEEE 802.16 standard. WiMAX is a wireless technology that supports high speed data service, video and voice at the customer side. WiMAX technology could be used to overcome the problems like less coverage area, low data rate and less security. WiMAX technology has various versions that are 802.16d (fixed WiMAX) and 802.16e (mobile WiMAX). OFDM is an amalgam of multiplexing and modulation. Through this review paper, the observation has been done of the different modulation techniques and different wireless channels. The outcome of this review will provide a basic idea about the amendment of the WiMAX system by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing technology Keywords: WiMAX, OFDM, ICI, ISI, Doppler shift, Channel estimation, BER, SNR, Cyclic Prefix. Download PDF
- [E0289042515](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0289042515/): Vibration Analysis of Thick Plate by Using Refined Plate Theory and ANSYS
I. I. Sayyad1, S. M. Hon2, K. K. Joshi3, P. N. Kolase4, Omkar Babasaheb Kale5
1Imran Ibrahim Sayyad, ME(Desgin), MBA, PGDFT, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRES College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.
2Swapnil Manohar Hon, U.G Student, Department of Mech. Engineering, SRES College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.
3Kaustubh Kishor Joshi, U.G Student, Department of Mech. Engineering, SRES College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.
4Prashant Nanasaheb Kolase, U.G Student, Department of Mech. Engineering, SRES College of Engineering, Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.
5Omkar Babasaheb Kale, U.G Student, Department of Mech. Enginering, SRES College of Engineering,Kopargaon, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune.
Manuscript received on April 09, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on April 26, 2015. | Manuscript published on April 31, 2015. | PP: 17-21 | Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015. | Retrieval Number: E0289042515 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Refined plate theory is applied for free vibration analysis of thick plate for better results and greater accuracy. In this paper vibration analysis of thick isotropic plate is carried out and results are compared with the results of ANSYS APDL (14.5). This theory uses sinusoidal function in terms of thickness coordinate and accounts for realistic variation of the transverse shear stress through the thickness and satisfies the shear stress free surface conditions at the top and bottom surfaces of the plate. Simply supported thick isotropic plate is considered for detail numerical study. Navier’s solution technique is used for the analytical solution. The results are obtained for natural bending mode frequencies. ANSYS APDL 14.5 is used to obtain fundamental frequencies in Modal Solution. Keywords: Natural Frequencies, ANSYS, Shear Correction Factor, Shear Deformation, Transverse Shear Stress, Modal analysis. Download PDF
- [D0270032415](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d0270032415/): 
- [E0287042515](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0287042515/): Nonlinear (Pushover) Analysis of Steel frame with External Bracing
N.T. Bhagat1, A. H. Deshmukh2
1Mr. N.T. Bhagat, Post Graduated Student, Structural Engineering Department, Civil Engineering, Collage of Engineering and Technology Akola (MH).
2Prof. A.H. Deshmukh, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering Department, Collage of Engineering and Technology Akola (MH).
Manuscript received on April 03, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on April 16, 2015. | Manuscript published on April 31, 2015. | PP: 12-16 | Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015. | Retrieval Number: E0287042515 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Steel is by far most useful material for building construction in the world and in last decades steel structure has played an important role in construction industry. Providing strength, stability and ductility are major purposes of seismic design. It is necessary to design a structure to perform well under seismic loads. In this paper nonlinear pushover analysis is carried out for high rise building steel frame with different pattern of External bracing. The shear capacity of the structure can be increased by introducing steel bracing in structural. There is ‘n’ number of possibilities to arrange steel bracing for Ex. Diagonal, X, K, V Inverted V. A typica12th- story regular steel frame having ‘V’ zone building is designed for various types of concentric bracings like Diagonal, V, X, and Exterior X in that ‘X’ Bracing are more effective. So result shows effective bracing only using STAAD PRO for bracing using different types of material sections i.e. ISMB, ISMC and ISA or any tubular or hollow sections are used to compare for same patterns of bracin. Keywords: Typical steel frame, exterior bracing Tube or ISMB or ISA or ISMC, Pushover Curve. Download PDF
- [E0286042515](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0286042515/): Intelligent Household LED Lighting System Considering User Satisfaction and Energy Saving
Ankita B. Kolhe1, P. S. Choudhary2
1Ankita Babanrao Kolhe, P.G.Student, M.E. Electrical and Electronics, Prof. Ram Meghe College of Engineering and Management, Badnera-Amravati (M.S), India.
2Prof. P.S.Choudhary, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Prof. Ram Meghe College of Engineering and Management, Badnera-Amravati (M.S), India.
Manuscript received on April 03, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on April 16, 2015. | Manuscript published on April 31, 2015. | PP: 9-11 | Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015. | Retrieval Number: E0286042515 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper aims to provide experiences from field tests using wireless technologies and the associated solutions, for energy management of household appliances. The system saves energy by maximizing the use of daylight, capable of controlling lights, fans in a room. All these parameters are measured through various sensors and the controlling is done by microcontroller. The system itself consumes very low power and helps in saving a significant amount of energy. The system can be applied to government offices, private firms, residential buildings, schools; colleges etc. so as to avoid the wastage of electricity and maximum use of day lighting, also reduces our dependence on conventional energy and will help in conserving energy. The system architecture is described and experimental results are provided for monitoring and intelligent control of home appliances, enabling demand response in real-time. Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Home Automation, Situation Awareness, User Satisfaction. Download PDF
- [D0268032415](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/d0268032415/): Toponymic System in Akmola Region
G.T. Omarova1, R.O. Tuksaitova2, A.Sh. Albekova3, Sh.S.Tleugazina4
1Senior lecturer G.T.Omarova, Department of Kazakh and Russian languages, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
2Prof. R.O.Tuksaitova, Department of Kazakh and Russian languages, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
3Associate prof.A.Sh.Albekova, Department of Kazakh and Russian languages, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
4Lecturer Sh.S.Tleugazina, Department of foreign languages, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Manuscript received on March 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on March 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on March 18, 2015. | PP: 01-04 | Volume-2 Issue-4, March 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This work was devoted to toponymic system, which express culture specific nature and language of generations. This system depends on the area. It is important to know which remote strata of population are represented in the target region, which language and professional groups they belonged to, which religion they practiced as this may have a direct influence on toponymic systems formation. Geographical names are formed based on models characterized by chronological and geographical ordering. Keywords: Region, Territory, Toponym, Toponymic System. Download PDF
- [E0285042515](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/e0285042515/): Performance Study of Piggybacked CDMA/PRMA HAP System
Yaser A. Salem
Dr. Yaser A. Salem, Department of Computer Science and Information, Majmaah University, College of Science, Zulfi, KSA.
Manuscript received on April 03, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on April 16, 2015. | Manuscript published on April 31, 2015. | PP: 1-8 | Volume-2 Issue-5, April 2015. | Retrieval Number: E0285042515 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper introduces a multiple access scheme called CDMA/PRMA with Piggybacked Reservation, which employ High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) as innovative wireless base station with balanced cell coverage, to achieve higher statistical multiplexing efficiency in the mixed CBR / VBR /ABR (constant, variable, and available bit rate) traffic environment. The idea is to use HAP as mobile communication assisted system with almost equal paths to communication nodes, while reducing signal impairment. The adopted scheme exploits reservation access mechanism. The reservation is assigned in a separate slice of the frame (reservation mini frame) while the rest of the frame is allotted to the communication traffic. The second level exploits the piggybacked reservation with multimode video encoder to deal with the dynamic nature of VBR traffic in order to increase the channel access efficiency. The expediency of the adopted schemes is insured through the simulation of an isolated cell environment. The obtained results indicated that, a substantial increase in the number of heterogeneous users is attained within the intended QoS level. Keywords: CDMA, PRMA, HAPs, Stratospheric, Communication. Download PDF
- [F0308052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0308052615/): Unleashing Nature’s Power in Residential Sector-An Another way to Save Energy Resources: An Empirical Study
Tejveer Singh Anand1, Satinder Singh2
1Tejveer Singh Anand, Student of B.Tech (Electrical) IIIrd Year, SardarVallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Surat, Gujarat, INDIA.
2Satinder Singh, Pursuing PhD in Management from Gujarat University, Working as Deputy General Manager (Drilling), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited ONGC), Cementing Services, Ahmedabad Asset and a Certified Energy Auditor- BEE, Ministry of Power, GOI, INDIA.
Manuscript received on May 16, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 27, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 46-50 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0308052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Residential sector is one of the prime area where energy saving can be implemented under win-win situation by installing solar street lighting system. Manufacturers, Suppliers, promoters and even Govt. bodies may take a lead part as being undertaken for the Govt. organizations / installations through DGS&D rate contract with subsidized rate for residential sector too. An empirical study has been conducted from ten different housing societies of Ahmadabad urban area those covered under co-operative housing societies and researchers found that there are lots of scope to save energy by just switching over to solar street lighting system with LED lamps from the conventional street lighting that will not only boost towards renewable energy use but saves lots of energy resources whether it is coal or oil as input fuel to thermal power plant. Keywords: Solar Street Lighting, Solar Cell, LED Lamps, Residential sector. Download PDF
- [F0304052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0304052615/): Pro-Log Software Design Methodologies In Universities
Surekha Lanka1, Sidra Ehsan2
1Surekha Lanka, Computer Science Department/Faculty of Computing & Information Technology / King Abdul Aziz University / Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
2Sidra Ehsan, Computer Science Department/Faculty of Computing & Information Technology / King Abdul Aziz University / Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Manuscript received on May 08, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 24, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 43-45 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0304052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper shows us reasons for using the ProLog and its features. Present achievement of technologies, selecting of artificial intelligence to ensure to prove the knowledgeable, aware of the character or nature of facts and rules by the visual ProLog. It is a high-status tool in programming, artificial intelligence and used for the development of expert systems. This dissertation is on tutorial to understand visual ProLog for someone who is studying in universities. It also helps in developing different applications in real time to enter a particular profession. And also we will consider general facts and testing with the Visual ProLog software. Keywords: Compound domain, Expert system, IDE, knowledge base, VIP Download PDF
- [C0261022315](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c0261022315/): Study the Effect of Ablation Time on the Spectroscopic Characteristics of Zinc Oxide Nan particles Synthesized by Liquid-Phase Pulsed Laser Ablation Technique
Suha I. Al-Nassar
Suha I. Al-Nassar, communication engineering, College of Engineering, Diyala University, Iraq. Manuscript received on February 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on February 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on January 18, 2015. | PP: 28-31 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This work was devoted for producing ZnO nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) of Zn metal plate in the aqueous environment of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) using Q-Switched Nd:YAG pulsed laser with wavelength= 1064 nm, Rep. rate= 10 Hz, Pulse duration =6 ns and laser energy 50 mJ. Solution of nanoparticles is found stable in the colloidal form for a long time. The effect of ablation time on the optical and structure of ZnO was studied is characterized by UV-visible absorption. UV-visible absorption spectrum has four peaks at 256, 259,265,322 nm for ablation time (5, 10, 15, and 20 sec) respectively, our results show that UV–vis spectra show a blue shift in the presence of CTAB with decrease the ablation time and blue shift indicated to get smaller size of nanoparticles. The blue shift in the absorption edge indicates the quantum confinement property of nanoparticles. Also FTIR transmittance spectra of ZnO2 nanoparticles prepared in these states show a characteristic ZnO absorption at 435–445cm−1 Keywords: Ablation time, CTAB solution, pulsed laser ablation technique, Zinc oxide nanoparticles. Download PDF
- [F0306052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0306052615/): A Comparative Study of Back Gate Misalignment Effects for Nano Scale Symmetric and Asymmetric Double Gate Mosfets
Ralesh Ranjan Biswal1, Pradipta Dutta2
1Mr. Ralesh Ranjan Biswal, Electronics and Communication Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
2Mr. Pradipta Dutta, Asst. Prof. Electronics and Communication Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Manuscript received on May 08, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 24, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 37-42 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0306052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The technical advancement in the field of device scaling leads to a major concern i.e. short channel effects in conventional single gate (SG) Metal- Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistor (MOSFET). Hence the double gate (DG) MOSFETs become a best option due to its better controllability of gate over the both the front and back channel. Primarily there are two types of DG-MOSFETs, known as Symmetric DG-MOSFET and Asymmetric DG-MOSFET. But the misalignment of top gate and bottom gate is a matter of concern in the fabrication process of the device. This misalignment of both the gates can cause damage to the device characteristics and affect the parameters like threshold voltage, drain current and surface potential. In this paper the back gate misalignment effects are investigated for both symmetric and asymmetric DG-MOSFETs and a comparative study has been made. The misalignment is considered towards both source side and drain side. Quantum mechanical effect and mobility degradation are not incorporated in our work for simplicity purpose. Keywords: DG MOSFET, Gate Misalignment, Threshold voltage roll off, Drain current degradation, Surface potential variation. Download PDF
- [C0260022315](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c0260022315/): Building Model Checker for Automated Code Compliance
Bikramjit Singh1, Narinder Singh2, Hardeep Singh Rai3, Satinder Preet Kaur4
1Er. Bikramjit Singh, A.P. Department of Civil Engineering, Khalsa College of Engineering & Technology, Amritsar, India.
2Er. Narinder Singh, A.P. Department of Civil Engineering, Khalsa College of Engineering & Technology, Amritsar, India.
3Prof. Hardip Singh Rai, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College of Engineering & Technology, Ludhiana, India.
4Er. Satinder Preet Kaur, Department of CSE, Khalsa College of Engineering & Technology, Amritsar, India.
Manuscript received on February 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on February 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on January 18, 2015. | PP: 23-27 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper presents an automated code checking system Pristine that enables quick and easy compliance assessment and assists designers in finding potential problems early. There has been an extensive amount of research conducted internationally in the area of automated code compliance for the Architecture, Engineering and the Construction (AEC) industry. There is an increased uptake of building information modeling (BIM) and the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) open standard data model for interoperability due to a recent productivity improvement and innovation in the AEC industry. The availability of high performance personal computers, efficient web-based technology, and new initiatives in legal knowledge representation modeling should make the development of commercial compliance checking systems more viable than ever. However, the quest for an industry agreed unified approach seems to be far from over. The system allows for checking of model for different model attributes using the ifcXML schema which is created using either ArchiCAD or Revit architectural soft wares. Once the checking is completed, the interactive reporting interface offers a viewing option of the validated file. Keywords: IFC, BIM, Automated Code Compliance, J2SE. Download PDF
- [F0303052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0303052615/): SVM Based Liver Tumor Classification from Computerized Tomography Images
Priya V.1, Biju V. G.2
1Priya V., M.Tech Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering Munnar, Idukki, Kerala, India.
2Biju V. G., Associate Professor, Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering Munnar, Idukki, Kerala, India.
Manuscript received on May 08, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 24, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 31-36 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0303052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Accurate liver segmentation and tumor detection on computerized tomography (CT) images is a crucial task in the cases where surrounding tissues have intensities similar to that of the liver and lesions reside at the liver edges. In this paper, an automated method to segment liver portion, followed by tumor area from abdominal CT image is proposed. For this, the CT images are pre-processed by median filter to remove noise from the image and liver is segmented using localized region based active contouring algorithm. Tumor is detected from segmented liver using seed region growing algorithm. Using Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), the texture features of the tumor are extracted. Support Vector machine (SVM) is used to classify the tumor as either benign or malignant based on these texture features. The performances of liver segmentation and tumor detection are evaluated by using Segmentation Matching Factor (SMF), Dice coefficient (DICE COEFF), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). Experimental results show that the proposed method has a lower error in segmenting the liver and is able to detect and classify all tumors from the liver accurately. Keywords: CT image, Localized region based active contours, Region Growing Algorithm, GLCM, SVM. Download PDF
- [F0298052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0298052615/): Automation in Tissue Culture Industry
Kosgiker G. M1, Guddad S. G2, Koli R. R3
1Prof. Kosgiker G. M, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, India.
2Guddad S. G, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, India.
3Koli R. R, Department of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineering, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, India.
Manuscript received on May 06, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 18, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 26-30 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0298052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: The project is to do automation in tissue culture industries. The main purpose of this project is doing work on polyhouse automation, autoclave automation and making two AC’s ON-OFF each after 12hours delay .All automation work is mainly based on 89C51 microcontroller. The requirement is that to maintain the 70% humidity with outsource exhoust fan and water sprinkler. Autoclave machine is used for empty bottle sterilization and also for chemical filled bottle sterilization with 15lbs and 10lbs pressure for time 10 minutes and 20 minutes respectively. Making autoclave automatic with respect to time and pressure on the basis of weight of respective empty and chemically filled bottles. Keywords: Auto clave machine, Microcontroller, humidity, pressure and polyhouse automation. Download PDF
- [C0253022315](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c0253022315/): Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Surface Characteristics of Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Nanofiber Mats
Zafarulla Khan1, Feras Kafiah2, Hafiz Zahid Shafi3, Fayez Nufaiei4, Sarfaraz Ahmed Furquan5, Asif Matin6
1Prof. Zafarulla Khan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
2Mr. Feras Kafiah, Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
3Mr. Hafiz Zahid Shafi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
4Mr. Fayez Nufaiei, Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
5Mr. Sarfaraz Ahmed Furquan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
6Dr. Asif Matin, Center for Engineering Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Manuscript received on February 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on February 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on January 18, 2015. | PP: 15-22 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This paper explores the effect of solution and electrospinning parameters on the morphology, mechanical properties and surface characteristics of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofiber mats. PAN/DMF (Dimethylformamide) solutions with different concentrations were electrospun under various parameters. The results show that the average fiber diameter increase from 208 nm to 881 nm with an increase in PAN concentration from 6 wt% to 12 wt%. Feed rate has inconsistent trend on the fiber diameter; however with increasing feed rate from 0.8 ml/hr to 1.4 ml/hr, the average fiber diameter more than doubledfrom400nm to 895nm. Average fiber diameter decreased slightly from 383 nm to 332 nm up to a certain threshold value of voltage, and then increased significantly to 750 nm when voltage was increased beyond this threshold. Somewhat surprisingly, when the distance between needle tip and collector was increased from 100mm to 150 mm, average fiber diameter increased almost four times (200 to 750 nm).Increasing the needle diameter was found to decrease average fiber diameter and has a direct effect on Taylor cone shape and jet length. The increase in PAN concentration from 6 to 12% increased the tensile strength, failure strength and ductility of electrospun nanofiber mats by 346%, 229% and 504%, respectively. PAN concentrations have a significant effect on the wettability of the nanofiber mats as determined by the contact angle measurements. The electrospun mats became increasingly more hydrophobic with increase in PAN concentration. Keywords: PAN, electrospinning, nanofiber morphology, solution and process variables, mat. Download PDF
- [F0301052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0301052615/): Study of Geosynthetic Clay Liner Reinforced Mud Blocks
Shashank Shastri
Shashank.Shastri, Department of Civil Engineering, BEC Bagalkot, VTU University, Karnataka, India.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 09, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 21-25 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0301052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: In the present investigation attempt has been made to improve the strength of the black cotton soil mud bricks mixed with different content of lime by reinforcing the geogrid. The soil is collected from Naragund area of Bagalkot District. The circular (100mm diameter and 200mm depth; 150mm and 100mm depth) and rectangular (200mm x 100mm x 100mm) mud bricks are prepared with soil treated with 10, 12, 14 and 16 percent lime with the geogrid reinforcement at the middle depth of the brick. The compressive strength of the mud bricks is obtained by laboratory compression test apparatus. Considerable improvement in the compressive strength is observed in rectangular mud bricks with14% and 16% of lime content reinforced with geogrid and for circular mud bricks, the maximum compressive strength is observed at 12% lime content with geogrid reinforcement Keywords: Black Cotton Soil, Lime, Geo-grid, Compressive strength, Rectangular blocks. Download PDF
- [C0259022315](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/c0259022315/): Influence of the Fertilization Pattern on Production and Quality of Sugar Beet Roots Meant for Bio-Ethanol Extraction
Ricuţa-Vasilica Dobrinoiu1, Luminiţa Vişan2, Silvana Dănăilă-Guidea3, Andrei-Gabriel Ivan4, Marius Căruţaşu5
1Dr. Ricuţa-Vasilica Dobrinoiu, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnology, Bucharest, Maraşti Bvd, no. 59, zip code 011464, Bucharest, Romania.
2Dr. Luminiţa Vişan, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnology, Bucharest, Maraşti Bvd, no. 59, zip code 011464, Bucharest, Romania.
3Dr. Silvana Dănăilă-Guidea, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnology, Bucharest, Maraşti Bvd, no. 59, zip code 011464, Bucharest, Romania.
4Andrei-Gabriel Ivan, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Faculty of Agriculture, Bucharest, Maraşti Bvd, no. 59, zip code 011464, Bucharest, Romania.
5Marius Căruţaşu, University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, Faculty of Management, Bucharest, Maraşti Bvd, no. 59, zip code 011464, Bucharest, Romania.
Manuscript received on February 11, 2015. | Revised Manuscript Received on February 12, 2015. | Manuscript published on January 18, 2015. | PP: 09-14 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2015. Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Sugar beet growing as raw material for bioethanol production represents an extremely important opportunity for farmers, under the circumstances of some productive varieties use on areas adequately irrigated and fertilized. In comparison with the maize, used as raw material in bio-ethanol production, the sugar beet offers a series of important advantages, such as: the acquirement of a bigger ethanol quantity on the cultivated area (6.300 l bioethanol from sugar beet, in comparison with almost 3.400 l bioethanol obtained from maize grown per hectar), the crop adequacy in colder climate areas, unfavourable to maize, and an irrigation norm with 40 smaller. In this respect, on the one hand, the present work aims at bringing viable and pheasible arguments in favour of sugar beet crops fertilization, in order to obtain an economic effective production, especially during the years with low precipitations and, on the other hand, for a superior valorization of sugar beet production by bioethanol production. Keywords: Bioethanol, foliar fertilization, organic fertilization, sugar beet. Download PDF
- [F0297052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0297052615/): Dispersion Analysis of Optical Fiber Using MATLAB
Raviraj Prakash Nagarkar
Prof. Raviraj Prakash Nagarkar, Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Solapur University/ Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur, India.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 09, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 19-20 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0297052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Optical fiber is a dielectric waveguide, cylindrical in shape. It confines electromagnetic energy in the form of light within its surface and guides light by multiple internal reflections, provided the angle of incidence onto the core cladding interface is greater than the critical angle θc . Dispersion of the transmitted optical signal causes distortion for both digital and analog transmission along optical fibers. When considering the major implementation of optical fiber transmission which involves some form of digital modulation, then dispersion mechanisms within the fiber cause broadening of the transmitted light pulses as they travel along the channel. Keywords: Dispersion, single mode fiber, multimode fiber. Download PDF
- [F0296052615](https://www.ijaent.org/portfolio-item/f0296052615/): Comparative Study on Low Power Barrel Shifter/Rotator at 45nm Technology
Jyoti Sankar Sahoo1, Nirmal Kumar Rout2
1Mr. Jyoti Sankar Sahoo, Electronics and Communication Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
2Dr. Nirmal Kumar Rout, Assoc. Prof. Electronics and Communication Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Manuscript received on May 02, 2015. | Revised Manuscript received on May 09, 2015. | Manuscript published on May 31, 2015. | PP: 11-18 | Volume-2 Issue-6, May 2015. | Retrieval Number: F0296052615 Open Access | Ethics and Policies | Cite © The Authors. Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: As technology advances in the field of VLSI; the circuits are upgraded to less power consuming and of high speed. In modern digital signal processing (DSP) and graphics application the shifter is an important module. A Barrel shifter/rotator can be implemented exclusively for shifting and rotating operations individually or both at the same time and can be implemented by 2:1, 4:1, 8:1 etc. multiplexers units. Barrel shifter/rotator implemented using multiplexer unit can use it repeatedly thus reduce the amount of power consumption. In this paper initially the Barrel shifter/rotator circuit using multiplexer is implemented using Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) logic then the circuit is implemented by different low power techniques. Finally various designs are compared in terms of power and delay. All the designs are implemented in Cadence Virtuoso Tool at 45nm technology for its validation. Keywords: Barrel shifter, Pass transistor logic, LECTOR technique, Double gate MOSFET, Diode Free Adiabatic Logic, Low power. Download PDF