Volume-2 Issue-7

S. No

Volume-2 Issue-7, June 2015, ISSN: 2347-6389 (Online)
Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Pvt. Ltd.

Page No.

1.

Authors:

Lois Onyejere Nwobodo, Hyacinth C. Inyiama

Paper Title:

Hidden Markov Model (HMM) in Support of Intellectual Property Risk Management

Abstract: An important element of intellectual property (IP) risk management is valuation, forecasting and strategy. Forecasting the optimal likelihood probabilities for the risk can be an audacious exercise, but it is critical in understanding the damage that can be caused by infringement, IP rights litigations etc providing the basis for prioritizing risk management activities and allocating resources. In this paper the occurrence, interactions of risk events as it impacts intellectual property management is modeled as Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The paper presents the HMM as a tool that can be used to optimize IP risk management response. The paper developed a HMM that can be used to predict the maximum likelihood probability for IP risk. This gives substantial information for optimal planning & coordination of IP risk response activities.

Keywords: IP, risk management, HMM maximum likelihood probabilities, IP risk features.

References:
1. Alexander 1 poltorak and Paul J Lernor “managing intellectual property. Introducing litigation risk analysis” May 2009, issue 109 of managing intellectual properly, Economy Plc.
2. Mihai Surdean U, Ramesh Nallapati, Christopher O. manning” Risk Analysis for intellectual properly litigation “ICAIL” II, June 6-10, 2011, Pittsburgh, PA.
3. Orebeacon professional infnanrce (Sept. 2010) “intellectual property risk management: IP valuation and protection” An Adiveri white paper.
4. Dino Isa, Pter Blanehfiled, Zhi Yuan “intellectual property management system for the super-capacitor pilot plant” workshop on advances in intelligent computing Pp. 4, 2009.
5. Giacomo Giampieri, Mark Davis and Martin Crowder “A hidden markov model of default interaction” Department of mathematics, imperial college, London 8W7 2A2
6. L.E. Baum, “An inequality and associated maximization technique in statistical estimation for probalistic functions of markov processes, magnelities, Vol. 3, Pp, 1- 8,1972.
7. A.J.Viterbi, “Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimal decoding algorithm, IEEE Trans. Iformat. Theory. Vol. IT-13, pp. 260-269, Apr. 1967.
8. Jian Yang, Jian Zhang, fei Tang, Jiang He, Tifei wang “Discrete Hidden markov model for Transient stability Assessment in power system” journal of computational systems 24[2014]10499-10510
9. M.Jannati, S.Jazebi, B. Vahidi and S.H. Hosseinian “ A Novel Algorithm for fault Type Fast Diagnosis in overhead Transmission lines using Hidden Markor Model” Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology Vol. 6. No.6,pp,742-749,2011.
10. R.Lawrence and A.Rabiner “ A Tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected application in speech recognition” Proc. of IEEE, Vol.77,pp. 257-285,1989.
11. T.K. Abdel-Galili, A.M. Youssef and M.M.A.Salama “Disturbance classification using Hidden Markov model and vector quantization” IEEE Trans.power Del. Vol. 20, pp. 2129 - 2135, 2005.

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2.

Authors:

Varsha Gautam

Paper Title:

Protracted Network: Quality of Service

Abstract: The capability of a system to continuously deliver services in compliance with the given requirements in the presence of failures and other undersigned events, is a property of protracted network. An easy solution to provide good quality of service is to build a network with enough capacity. A strong network should have a important property that the network should be designed in such away that it must take no time or very small time to recover from a big disaster. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of network connectivity in relation to network protection design. In this paper we aim to introduce and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of methods and algorithms for searching good network connectivity as well as sets of disjoint and distinct paths for protection design. Here we will make 2-connected network to improve network performance.

Keywords: Graph theory, network connectivity, survivability

References:
1. K. Menger, “Zur allgemeinen kurventheorie,” Fundamenta Mathematicae, vol. 10, pp. 96–115, 1927.
2. F. T. Boesch, I. T. Frisch, “On the smallest disconnecting set in a graph”, IEEE Trans. Circuit lheory, vol CT-15, 1986 , pp 286-288.
3. W. D. Grover, “Mesh-based Survivable Networks: Options and Strategies for Optical, MPLS, SONET/SDH, and ATM networking”. Prentice Hall PTR, 2004.
4. Habibi, D., Nguyen, H., Phung, Q. & Lo, K. “Establishing physical survivability of large networks using properties of two-connected graphs”, TENCON 2005 , IEEE Region,2005.
5. R. Diestel, “Graph Theory”,. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000.
6. Paton, K. “An algorithm for finding a fundamental set of cycles of a graph” ,Communications of the ACM 12(9): 514–518,1969.
7. L. Foulds, “Graph Theory Applications”. Springer-Verlag, 1992.
8. P. Van Mieghem, “Graph Spectra for Complex Networks”, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
9. Q. V. Phung, D. Habibi, H. N. Nguyen, and K. Lo, “K pairs of disjoint paths algorithm for protection in WDM optical networks,” To appear in Proceedings of the 11th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications, 2005.
10. K. Lee, H. W. Lee, and E. Modiano, “Reliability in layered networks with random link failures,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1835–1848, 2011.
11. W. Zou, M. Janic, R. Kooij, and F. A. Kuipers, “On the availability of networks,” in Proceedings of the Broad Band Europe, Antwerp, Belgium, December 2007.
12. Martins, E. D. Q. V., Pascoal ,M. M Surballe, J. “Disjoint paths in a network”, Networks 4: 125–145,1974.
13. Bhandari, R. ,“Survivable Networks: Algorithms for Diverse Routing”, Kluwer Academic Publishers.,1999.
14. C. Chekuri and S. Khanna, “Edge disjoint paths revisited”. In Proceedings of the 14th Annual ACM–SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA’03), pages628–637, 2003.

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3.

Authors:

A.T. Kassem, N. El-said, H, F. Aly

Paper Title:

Nanohydroxy Apatite/Activated Carbon as Supported Liquid Membrane for Fission Products

Abstract: The study of permeability of 137Cs, 90Sr and 60Co from nitrate media was carried out using Nanocomposite hydroxy apatite/activated carbon. The efficiency of this extractant was studied under various experimental conditions, such as aqueous pH, NaNO3M present in the initial aqueous feed , Nanocomposite hydroxy apatite as carrier in the membrane disc ,EDTA as stripping phase concentration, temperature and time of extraction were studied The percentage of 137Cs, 90Sr and 60Co extraction decreases with the increase of temperature at varying concentration of Nanocomposite hydroxy apatite. The pertraction of 137Cs, 90Sr and 60Co from nitrate media were examined at the optimized conditions. Under the optimum experimental conditions 98.6–99.9% of 137Cs was extracted in 10–30 min with the initial feed concentration of 0.5 NaNO3 This Study was developed using a new nanohydroxyapatite–Activated carbon. The nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles mixed with Activated Carbon (AC) acts as the inorganic phase was mixed with activated carbon (AC) forming HAp-AC composite. Facilitated transport supported liquid membranes (SLMs) were prepared at 20oC temperature. Recently novel compositions in this system HAp-AC were described and characterized with regard to DTA, SEM, IR, surface investigated and spectra. The process of diffusion in liquid membranes is governed by chemical diffusion process .Fick’s first law of diffusion.

Keywords: NHAP: -AC, -AC, DTA, SEM, IR, surface investigated and spectra.

References:
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10. Vallet-Regi, Ramila,M. A. silica-based ceramics receive a great interest. 2004.J . Biom. Mate. Res A., 66, 580-5.
11. 11-Van Nausdle, J. A. The role of a Catholic.2005. J. University of Notre Dame, 46556-64.
12. Vignesh, R. C., Sitta, Djody.S. proliferation, differentiation, mineralization and cyto-toxicity.2006. J. Toxicology., 220, 63-70.
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14. Wei, G; Ma ,P. X. Biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue.2005.J. Biomaterials, 25, 4749-57.
15. Wenk, H. R, Heidelbach, F. 1999.Crystal alignment of carbonated apatite in bone ..J. Bone., 24, 361-9.
16. Roeder, R. K., Sproul ,M. M. properties compared to the use of an equiaxed powder.2003. J .Bio. Mat. Res A.,,67, 801-12.
17. Kim, H. W., Knowles ,J. C. The function of terpene natural products in ..2005.J .Bio. Mat. Res A .,72, 258-68.
18. El-Said, N.;Abdel rahman .N.; Ali ,M.S. J. of Appl. Chem (IOSR-JAC).2014,7, 103-111

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4.

Authors:

Nader A. Nader

Paper Title:

Application of Phase-Change Materials in Buildings: Case Study Al Khobar City, Saudi Arabia

Abstract: Phase-Change Materials (PCMs) are substances with a high heat of fusion that melt and solidify at a certain temperature range. They are capable of storing and releasing large amounts of energy and have a high capacity of storing heat. PCMs prevent energy loss during material changes from solid to liquid or liquid to solid. They have several advantages such as its self-nucleating properties, and disadvantages such as having low thermal conductivity [4]. There are different types of PCM with a wide range of applications. This paper studies the potential application of PCMs in building energy conservation materials. The analysis shows that the use of BioPCM material as an insulation layer in building can decrease the cooling load by 20% in comparison to a standard one. In addition, this research reviews the program performance to date through conducting a survey to evaluate the HVAC energy consumption efficiency in Residential and Commercial Buildings in Al Khobar City, Saudi Arabia. Forty Buildings were surveyed in October 2014. The survey results showed that fifty perecent of the buildings don’t have insulation and their HVAC systems were more than 10 years old and with lower efficiencies.

Keywords: Phase-Change Materials, Energy Cosumption, Cooling Load, Insulation Material

References:
1. Manufacturing innovative thermal storage technologies for smart & sustainable buildings.” PhaseChange energy solutions, 2013. Accessed on from: http://www.phasechange.com/index.php/en/
2. Chair P. P., Lee T., Reddy A.. “Application of Phase Change Material in Buildings: Field Data vs. EnergyPlus Simulation. Arizona State University, 2010. Accessed on from: http://repository.asu.edu/attachments/56138/content/Muruganantham_asu_0010N_10151.pdf
3. “Phase-change materials.” Building, 2013. Accessed on from: http://www.building.co.uk/business/cpd/cpd-1-2013-phase-change-materials/5050027.article
4. “Phase-change material.” Wikipedia, 2012. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-change_material
5. Marin J.M., Zalba B., Cabeza L.F., Mehling H., Determination of enthalpy-temperature curves of phase change materials with the T-history method—improvement to temperature dependent properties, Measurement Sci. Technol., in press.
6. Py X., Olives R., Mauran S., Paraffin/porous-graphite-matrix composite as a high and constant power thermal storage material, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 44 (2001) 2727-2737.
7. Shapiro M., Feldman D., Hawes D., Banu D.. 1987. PCM thermal storage in drywall using organic phase change material. Passive Solar J 4: 419-438
8. Perez, A. D. P., “Situacion y future de los PCM (Phase Change Material)”, Centro de Desarrollo Tecnologico – Fundacion LEIA, (2010).
9. Alkan, C., Sari, A., Karaipekli, A. and Uzun, O. 2009. “Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of microencapsulated phase change material for thermal energy storage.” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 93: (1), 143-147.
10. Dincer, M.A. Rosen. Thermal energy storage. Systems and Applications, 2002. England: John Wiley & Sons. Print.
11. Mondal S.. 2008. Phase changing materials for smart textiles – An overview. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28: 1536-1550. Retrieved from: http://ucheg.ru/docs/5/4074/conv_1/file1.pdf
12. Streicher, W., Cabeza, L., Heinz, A. 2005. A Report of IEA Solar Heating and Cooling programme - Task 32 “Advanced storage concepts for solar and low energy buildings.” Solar Heating & Cooling Programme, 1-33.
13. Zalba, B., Marin, J.M., Cabeza, L.F., Mehling, H. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change: materials, heat transfer analysis and applications. Applied Thermal Engineering 23, (2003) 251-283.
14. Sharma, A., Tyagi, V.V., Chen, C.R., Buddhi, D. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13, (2009) 318-345.
15. Juarez, D., Balart, R., Ferrandiz, S., Peydro, M.A. Classification of phase change materials and his behaviour in SEBS/PCM blends. Manufaturing Engineering Society International Conference, 2013.
16. Rousse, D.R., Salah, N.B., Lassue, S. An overview of phase change materials and their implication on power demand. National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, 1-6. 2009.
17. Kosny, J., Kossecka, E. Understanding a Potential for Application of Phase-Change Materials (PCMs) in Building Envelopes. ASHRAE, 2013.
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5.

Authors:

Indrayani Joshi, Asmita Kale

Paper Title:

Study of Influence of Cultural Values on the Shaping of a Cultural Landscape with Case of Alandi

Abstract: Landscape is a formal expression of the numerous relationships existing in a given period between the individual or a society and a topographically defined territory, the appearance of which is the result of the action, over time, of natural and human factors and of a combination of both. Study of the cultural values in landscape serves several different ends simultaneously and apart from its function of systematic description it provides for regional classification, affords insight into the role of man in geographic transformations and throws light upon certain aspects on cultural communities in themselves Cultural landscapes fall in the category of landscapes which have been formed due to nature-human interaction and understanding of co-existence and co-dependence. These are shaped owing to the cultural value systems in the form of various practices and rituals.

Keywords: numerous relationships existing, topographically defined territory, regional classification, geographic transformations, Cultural landscapes, nature-human interaction.

References:
1. Action for Environmental Improvement of Alandi, Concept plan
2. Abstract of Cultural Landscape of Varkari Cult: case of Alandi, By Hareesh Haridasan, Masters in Architecture and Settlement Conservation, CEPT University Ahmedabad
3. ‘Alandi Darshan’ by M.S. Gholap
4. ‘The cult of Vithoba’ by G.A. Deleury S. J. Phd
5. http://whc.unesco.org/en/culturallandscape
6. World heritage cultural landscapes, a handbook for conservation & management, Nora Mitchell, Mechtild Roseler, Pierre-Maric Tricauel (Authors/Editors)
7. Census of India & DP 1988-1998 Alandi
8. Pg 118, Objects of worship in south-asian religions: Forms, practices and meanings. Edited by Knut A. Jacobsen, Mikael Aktor, Kristina Myrvold

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